Learn: Modules

Acne 101: Fast Path

TL;DR: Think follicles, four factors (sebum, follicular hyperkeratinization, Cutibacterium acnes, inflammation). Match severity to regimen; set expectations early.

Diagnosis

• Primary lesions: open/closed comedones, inflammatory papules/pustules, nodules.
• Distribution: face, chest, back. Assess scarring/dyspigmentation.

Treatment Ladder

1. Mild: topical adapalene/tretinoin + BPO (± topical clinda short course).
2. Mod: add oral doxy/mino (8–12 wks), limit topical antibiotics, maintain retinoid.
3. Nodulocystic/scarring: isotretinoin; labs & contraception per local standards.

Pearls

• “RET-BPO-ABX-ISO” ladder for memory; moisturize + sunscreen always.
• Manage expectations: 6–8 weeks to see change; initial flare possible.

Atopic Dermatitis: 2-Minute Algorithm

1. Baseline: emollient slather, itch control (AHs at night if needed).
2. Mild/Localized: low-mid potency topical steroids or calcineurin inhibitors.
3. Mod-Severe: consider dupilumab/tralokinumab/JAK inhibitors per age/comorbids.
4. Infection? Treat impetiginization; bleach baths for frequent flares.